Tristate schools respond differently to applicants or students who can't meet the demands of college reading, writing or math:

        • Xavier University has no remedial courses, but makes tutors available if students stumble or fear they will fail.

        • At Northern Kentucky University, 42 percent of first-time freshmen take catch-up classes. That's high for a four-year school, but NKU retains a historic role as a community college. Of those students, 43 percent take reading, writing or math and 57 percent take two or three remedial subjects.

        • Miami University sends most remedial students to its Hamilton or Middletown campuses. The exception is graduates of Talawanda High School in Oxford. If they are otherwise eligible, they can enroll on the main campus in Oxford and use learning services if weaknesses bedevil their math and English.

        • The College of Mount St. Joseph offers refresher math and advanced algebra and advanced composition as remedial courses, usually for a handful of older adults.

        • Thomas More College has no remedial courses, but offers an elective for students who are weak in English or math.

        • The University of Cincinnati presents a mixed picture. The colleges of engineering, arts and sciences, and business do not admit students who can't handle university-level math and English.

        About 60 percent of the students in UC's open enrollment, two-year University College require remedial math or English, and 40 percent require both.

        The open enrollment, four-year College of Evening and Continuing Education offers preparatory — not remedial — math and English for credit, but only as electives.

        UC's open enrollment two-year branch colleges — Clermont and Raymond Walters — offer catch-up classes.

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