Sunday, December 30, 2001
2001: A timeline
2001 was a year in which racial discord confronted Greater
Cincinnatians in brutal form. Here are highlights of a year that
included race riots, a Department of Justice investigation of the
police division, the most violent summer in decades and an
examination of the problems from city conference rooms to private
living rooms.
Jan. 3: Officers Robert Blaine Jorg and Patrick Caton are
indicted in the November 2000 asphyxiation death of Roger Owensby Jr.
while he was in police custody. Officers were on increased patrols in
Roselawn that night, looking for drug activity. Mr. Owensby was
questioned and handcuffed. No one knows how he suffocated.
Jan. 4: Cincinnati Mayor Charlie Luken gives the annual State of
the City address, saying that the indictments of the two white
officers in the death of Mr. Owensby, an African-American man in
police custody, underscore the racial chasm in the city. The mayor
acknowledges the racial gap between whites and blacks: "You would
think we're not even on the same planet."
Jan. 5: Police Chief Tom Streicher strips Officers Caton and
Jorg of their police powers.
Jan. 13: The Cincinnati Black United Front, a grass-roots
organization, hosts meetings for African-Americans to register their
stories of racial profiling by police in an effort to build a class-
action lawsuit.
Feb. 21: In an unprecedented meeting held at the Enquirer, 28
black and white leaders representing Tristate business, education,
religion, public safety, media, civic and legal interests rank race
as a top priority for the region. "The future of this city depends
more on our ability to treat one another fairly than on any single
economic issue, and I think we have a long way to go," Mayor Luken
says.
March 5: Chief Streicher acknowledges that racial profiling
might occur, but he does not perceive a widespread problem. Any
solution, he says, must "get at what's in the officer's heart."
March 14: The American Civil Liberties Union and local black
activists file a federal racial profiling lawsuit against the city
alleging decades of discrimination against blacks.
March 28: Cincinnati City Council passes a racial profiling law,
which requires that officers must record details of every traffic
stop they make. "This is not a panacea, but it's a good place to
start," Councilman John Cranley says.
April 7: Cincinnati Officer Stephen Roach, who had been pursuing
19-year-old Timothy Thomas in Over-the-Rhine, shoots and kills the
unarmed African-American at 13th and Republic streets. Mr. Thomas is
the 15th African-American to die in confrontations with Cincinnati
police since 1995. He was wanted on 14 misdemeanor warrants, most of
them traffic offenses.
April 9: A group of citizens takes over council's Law and Public
Safety Committee meeting. Chaos erupts, and protesters demand to know
why Mr. Thomas was shot. That night, dozens of protesters break City
Hall windows and gather outside police headquarters on Ezzard Charles
Drive.
April 10: Civil unrest turns violent. Protesters overturn
planters and hot dog stands, break windows and pull several white
motorists from their cars and assault them. By day's end, police have
arrested 66 people, including five juveniles, and the Cincinnati Fire
Division has made 53 runs. Eleven fires, most of them minor, are set
in Over-the-Rhine.
April 11: Random violence ... arson, assault, looting, property
destruction and shooting ... occurs in communities from Over-the-Rhine
to Norwood. Police Spc. Andrew Nogueira is shot near Green and Vine
streets. He escapes serious injury because his belt buckle and
bullet-resistant vest absorb the impact. A Justice Department team
arrives in the city to determine if it should begin a civil-rights
investigation into the "patterns and practice" of Cincinnati's
Police Division.
April 12: Mayor Luken declares a state of emergency and a
citywide curfew beginning at 8 p.m. More than 100 Ohio State Highway
Patrol officers in riot gear arrive. ""I have lived in this city all
of my life, and I love it to death. I never thought I would sign an
emergency order because of civil unrest,'' Mayor Luken says. The
curfew ends after four nights with calm restored. The mayor would
later say he wished he had imposed the curfew sooner.
April 13: Under pressure from some council members, Kent Ryan
steps down as the city's public safety director, citing health
reasons.
April 14: Mr. Thomas is buried. Attending the service are Kweisi
Mfume, president of the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, Ohio Gov. Bob Taft, Martin Luther King III, Mayor
Luken and almost all of city council. After the funeral, six
Cincinnati SWAT officers are accused by witnesses of shooting
beanbags into a peaceful crowd at Liberty and Elm streets in
Over-the-Rhine. A federal investigation is launched.
April 16: Mr. Luken calls for the formation of Cincinnati
Community Action Now, a task force on race relations. Its mission:
improve racial disparities in such areas as education, economic
advancement and police relations.
April 18: City and Hamilton County officials make plans to offer
a combined $2.25 million in loans and grants for businesses that
suffered losses in the riots ... and promise that another $1 million is
on the way.
April 20: A Hamilton County grand jury indicts 63 on looting and
violence charges stemming from the riots.
April 26: Two of four people hit by beanbags on April 14 file a
civil lawsuit seeking at least $2 million.
May 1: The mayor appoints Cincinnati CAN's three chairmen: Rev.
Damon Lynch III, Federated Department Stores executive vice president
Tom Cody and Ross Love, founder, chief executive officer and
president of Blue Chip Broadcasting. "If we continue our discomfort
with making real changes, if we put our heads back in the sand, that
sand will once again grow hot with rage," Mr. Love says. ""But if we
raise our heads well above the sand, if we can make fundamental
change, then there is a chance for Cincinnati to come out of this
crisis a better city."
May 2: City Manager John Shirey, criticized by some council
members for his handling of the unrest and riots, agrees to resign
effective Dec. 1. Council also agrees to an unprecedented attempt to
settle through mediation a federal lawsuit that accuses police of
racial profiling.
May 3: A Hamilton County grand jury begins hearing evidence in
the case of Mr. Thomas' shooting.
May 7: The grand jury returns charges of negligent homicide and
obstructing official business, both misdemeanors, against Officer
Roach for his role in Mr. Thomas' death. Although some denounce the
charges as too lenient, protests are peaceful. Also, the U.S. Justice
Department announces a formal investigation into Cincinnati police's
alleged pattern of excessive force violating the civil rights of
residents.
May 9: Organizers cancel the annual Pepsi Jammin' on Main,
citing miserable ticket sales and the potential to lose money after
protesters called for cancellation of the event.
May 11: The first hints of a possible police slowdown start to
surface. Arrests average about 65 a day this week, down from 85 the
week before. Prosecutors and public defenders notice lighter
caseloads.
May 18: A group of 75 ministers called Concerned Clergy calls
for a general boycott of Taste of Cincinnati. Catholics,
Presbyterians, United Methodists, Unitarians and Jews are among
religions represented.
May 22: Two federal lawyers arrive from Washington, D.C., to
start an unprecedented civil-rights investigation of the Cincinnati
Police Division.
May 26: Despite some calls to cancel the event, Taste of
Cincinnati has a good turnout.
June 10: In the first of a series of investigative stories, the
Enquirer reveals that the police division's system for tracking
problems is so flawed that supervisors aren't automatically alerted
to potential bad officers.
June 17: In the same series, the Enquirer reveals a lack of
consistency and accuracy in the way police officers fill out cards on
every traffic stop they make, a requirement of the new racial
profiling law.
June 25: The first meeting is held in an unprecedented effort to
gather thousands of ideas from all groups in the city to form a
settlement in the racial profiling lawsuit against the city.
June 27: Channel 5 news anchor Courtis Fuller announces he will
run for mayor because of the way Mr. Luken handled the riots.
June 30: Nearly two months after Officer Roach was indicted,
arrests are down 35 percent compared with May and June 2000. Revenue
from traffic tickets is down significantly: Drivers paid $25,000
during May, compared with more than $90,000 in fines the same time
last year. Judges and lawyers report lighter dockets as fewer
defendants appear in court.
July 8: The Enquirer reports that more than 90 percent of minor
complaints by citizens against officers are dismissed. Complaints are
rarely forwarded to the division's internal investigators and are
seldom seen by the city's independent investigatory agency.
July 10: Forty-four of the 66 felony cases stemming from the
riots have made their way through the courts. All but one defendant
are convicted of all original felony charges, including breaking and
entering and aggravated riot.
July 11: Chief Streicher announces the formation of the Violent
Crimes Task Force, a 70-member team of undercover and patrol officers
to battle the dramatic increase in shootings and crime since the
April riots.
July 14: A coalition of religious and political groups calls for
a boycott of Cincinnati, saying it is more about attracting attention
to racial economic issues than trying to hurt specific local
employers.
July 20: Ujima and Coors Light festivals are held downtown and
at Cinergy Field, but have light turnouts.
July 27: Rickey Moore, a 21-year-old convicted felon and
schizophrenic, is shot to death in Millvale by Officer Thomas Haas in
the first police shooting since Mr. Thomas' death. The city stays
calm, with leaders this time saying police have no choice when
somebody aims a gun at them. Mr. Moore is the city's seventh homicide
victim this week, the latest casualty in the unprecedented violence
that continues to tear through the city.
Aug. 18: The city hosts the Midwest Black Family Reunion, which
focuses on family values and racial harmony. An estimated 50,000 to
70,000 people attend.
Sept. 1: From April 13 to this date, there have been 107
shooting incidents involving 150 victims and at least 132 suspects,
mostly in near-downtown neighborhoods. Officials say it is one of the
worst stretches of violence the city has ever seen. "It's been a
terrible time for this city,'' Chief Streicher says. "In 30 years, I
haven't seen it worse."
Sept. 11: Mr. Fuller, the 44-year-old Charter candidate,
finishes first in the historic primary for the city's next mayor, who
will have significantly increased powers under a law change in the
City Charter.
Sept. 26: After a six-day trial, Municipal Court Judge Ralph E.
Winkler finds Officer Roach not guilty of charges relating to the
Timothy Thomas shooting. There are scattered Dumpster fires and rocks
thrown.
Sept. 27: Mr. Luken calls a citywide curfew from 12:30 a.m. to 6
a.m. A curfew also is in effect the next night. The police chief and
safety director advise the mayor that the situation on the streets is
""very volatile'' with bricks and bottles being thrown.
Oct. 15: Justice Department officials are back in Cincinnati,
fine-tuning their recommendations. This is three weeks after
announcing that local officials are cooperating to make changes.
Oct. 16: In a lively radio debate in the mayoral campaign, Mr.
Fuller and Mr. Luken face off. Mr. Fuller offers the best line:
"Cincinnati remains polarized by race and economics ... the seventh
most segregated city in America. People venture downtown these days
just to get a good look at Newport." Mr. Luken says Mr. Fuller is a
naysayer. "I'm optimistic about the future."
Oct. 24: The Justice Department outlines its preliminary
recommendations for change at the police division. The Feds want
better policies and reporting of police use of force, more public
accountability, improved handling of disciplines and better training.
Oct. 30: A Hamilton County jury acquits Officer Robert Blaine
Jorg of misdemeanor assault in the asphyxiation death of Roger
Owensby. It's unable to reach a verdict on a felony charge of
involuntary manslaughter, resulting in a mistrial. "It kind of stuns
me that we can't convict a police officer of doing wrong," says the
Rev. J.W. Jones, vice president of the Baptist Ministers Conference
of Cincinnati. "And our police do wrong. This drives a stake in the
heart of race relations. To me, Cincinnati is back in the days of the
1950s."
Nov. 2: Officer Patrick Caton is acquitted on an assault charge
in Mr. Owensby's death. "He is relieved,'' says Merlyn Shiverdecker,
Officer Caton's attorney. "I hope (the Owensby family) can find
solace and some type of closure in this."
Nov. 6: City voters re-elect Mayor Luken and pass Issue 5, the
civil service reform charter amendment that changes the way city
police and fire chiefs are hired.
Nov. 7: Hamilton County prosecutor Mike Allen says he will not
try Officer Jorg again. Mr. Allen says he doesn't think the outcome
in a new trial would be different, citing the 10-2 vote to acquit.
Nov. 7: The Enquirer and other groups announce "Neighbor to
Neighbor." The goal is to hold solutions-oriented conversations in
every neighborhood, village, township and city in the region.
Dec. 1: Mayor Luken is sworn into office. "I always knew this
day would come," he says. "I just didn't know if I'd still be in
the building."
Dec. 3: After seeing a letter signed by the Rev. Mr. Lynch that
accuses police officers of raping and killing people, Mr. Luken ousts
him from the city's race commission.
Dec. 4: The remaining two co-chairmen of the city's race
commission, Ross Love and Tom Cody, say the mayor's decision to fire
the Rev. Mr. Lynch is the right thing to do.
Dec. 16: The Enquirer reports that over the past 10 years,
Cincinnati has faced at least 137 lawsuits alleging improprieties by
its police officers. It's been costly to taxpayers: The city has
written checks totaling $2.36 million to settle 56 of the 93 cases
closed through October. It's the first analysis tracking civil rights
litigations involving the city.
Cincinnati 2001: Year of Unrest
Prologue to turmoil:
"A very tense time"
The trigger: Shooting
'ignites furious response'
The riots explode:
A city's dark week
Summer of blood - guns rule the streets
Tests of justice:
Officers acquitted
Binding wounds:
What can be done?
What comes next?:
Good examples few
WARD BUSHEE: A chance to talk honestly ... and to act
2001: A timeline
Unrest photo timeline
Jim Borgman on race